Enhancement Of 3D Printed Resin by Incorporating Nanofillers: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32828/mdj.v22i1.1261Keywords:
Dentistry, 3D Printed resin material, Nanofillers, Mechanical properties, Material reinforcement, NanoparticlesAbstract
Background: Recent developments in manufacturing technology have brought three-dimensional (3D) printing as an efficient method for directly fabricating products from computer-aided design (CAD) data. This technology has attracted much attention in dentistry and is now employed in numerous fields, such as prosthodontics, orthodontics, and implant dentistry. Although there are several studies on the reinforcement of 3D-printed dental resins using nanoparticles, there are still few narrative reviews that provide detailed discussion on the reinforcement tactics and the related manufacturing issues. Purpose: The present study covers the existing information on 3D-printed dental resins, highlighting the use of nanoparticles as a reinforcing method, the possible constraints of incorporating nanoparticles, and the manufacturing processes involved in the production of the materials. Furthermore, the influence of these alterations on the mechanical and physical behavior of printed dental materials is also examined to provide a better understanding of recent advances and possible future avenues of research. Methods: The relevant studies were obtained by studying the articles published in 2010-2025 in the databases of Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria focused on research that evaluated the introduction of nanoparticles in 3D-printed dental resins to enhance mechanical, surface or functional qualities. Inclusion of studies having a defined experimental procedure and quantitative results. Results: The nanoparticles tested were ZrO2, YSZ, SiO2, ZnO, TiO2, Al2O3, and Ag and several mechanical, surface, and antibacterial properties of 3D printed dental resins were improved with minimal, or no change in certain properties.The effect was also found to rely on the type and concentration of the nanoparticles and the preparation and printing processes utilized. But these developments have sometimes led to problems with resin formulation, printing accuracy and post-processing, which have to be carefully calibrated for clinical use.
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