Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances and Filgrastim on Body Weight A Murine Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32828/mdj.v20i1.957Keywords:
Filgrastim, , Fixed orthodontic appliance, Weight, RatAbstract
Aim: The aim was to assess how orthodontic treatment and Filgrastim injections affect body weight in Wistar albino rats during and after treatment.
Materials and Methods: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was induced using the appliances, followed by a 14-day healing period after their removal. This study adopted a "split-mouth design," with OTM occurring exclusively on the left side of the mouths of 55 male Wistar albino rats, divided into five groups: A (no Filgrastim during active OTM, n = 12), B (Filgrastim during active OTM, n = 11), C (no Filgrastim during active OTM and healing, n = 11), D (Filgrastim during active OTM and healing, n = 11), and E (no Filgrastim during active OTM and healing, n = 10). Filgrastim (10 µg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally three times weekly throughout the trial. A force of 100 grams was applied mesially to the first molar using a fixed orthodontic device.
Results: Rats exhibited significant body weight reduction (p < 0.05) after the first week, followed by gradual, slight weight recovery post-appliance removal. However, their final weight did not return to baseline.
Conclusion: Orthodontic intervention significantly reduced rat body weight, with Filgrastim showing minimal to no effect.
References
- Al Swafeeri, H., El Kenany, W., Mowafi, M., & Karam, S., 2017. Influence of local application of symvastatin on orthodontic relapse: an experimental study. Egyptian Orthodontic Journal, 52(December 2017), pp.16-23.
- ALJuboury, R.A., & Al-Shawi, N.N., 2022. Anti-obesity effect of simvastatin and omega-3 and its combination on obese model male Wistar rats: Effect of simvastatin, omega-3 and their combination on UCP1. Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 31(2), pp.101-112.
- Alnajar, H. A. A. M., Al Groosh, D. H. (2020). The effects of calcitonin on post‐orthodontic relapse in rats. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 7(3), 293–301. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.373.
- AlNowaisser, H.M.A., & Ansari, S.H., 2020. Prevalence of Bone Loss and Root Resorption among Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment in Riyadh Elm University Clinics; A Descriptive Study.
- Basu, S., Hodgson, G., Katz, M., & Dunn, A.R., 2002. Evaluation of role of G-CSF in the production, survival, and release of neutrophils from bone marrow into circulation. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 100(3), pp.854-861.
- Bellows, C.F., Zhang, Y., Simmons, P.J., Khalsa, A.S., & Kolonin, M.G., 2011. Influence of BMI on the level of circulating progenitor cells. Obesity, 19(8), pp.1722-1726.
- Bensinger, W., DiPersio, J.F., & McCarty, J.M., 2009. Improving stem cell mobilization strategies: future directions. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 43(3), pp.181-195.
- Bhardwaj, P., Singh, A., & Goel, S., 2016. Rapid appraisal of procedural pain among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment from a tertiary care dental centre. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 4(7), pp.2376-2379.
- Blogowski, W., Ratajczak, M.Z., & Zyzniewska-Banaszak, E., (2012). Adipose Tissue as a Potential Source of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. Obesity, volume 20, issue 5, pp. 923-931.
- Casado-Díaz, A., Quesada-Gómez, J.M., & Dorado, G., 2020. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in regenerative medicine: applications in skin wound healing. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, p.146.
- Czekanska, E.M., Ralphs, J.R., Alini, M.R., & Stoddart, M., 2014. Enhancing inflammatory and chemotactic signals to regulate bone regeneration. European Cells and Materials, 28, pp.320-334.
- do Carmo, L.S., Rogero, M.M., Paredes-Gamero, E.J., Nogueira-Pedro, A., Xavier, J.G., Cortez, M., Borges, M.C., Fujii, T.M., Borelli, P., & Fock, R.A., 2013. A high-fat diet increases interleukin-3 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production by bone marrow cells and triggers bone marrow hyperplasia and neutrophilia in Wistar rats. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 238(4), pp.375-384.
- Eissa, O., Carlyle, T., & El-Bialy, T., 2018. Evaluation of root length following treatment with clear aligners and two different fixed orthodontic appliances. A pilot study. Journal of Orthodontic Science, 7.
- Farhadfar, N., Hsu, J.W., Logan, B.R., Sees, J.A., Chitphakdithai, P., Sugrue, M.W., Abdel-Azim, H., Anderlini, P.N., Bredeson, C., Chhabra, S., & Diaz, M.A., 2020. Weighty choices: selecting optimal G-CSF doses for stem cell mobilization to optimize yield. Blood Advances, 4(4), pp.706-716. https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000923.
- Franzen, T.J., Brudvik, P., & Vandevska-Radunovic, V., 2013. Periodontal tissue reaction during orthodontic relapse in rat molars. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 35(2), pp.152-159.
- Gonzales, C., Hotokezaka, H., Yoshimatsu, M., Yozgatian, J.H., Darendeliler, M.A., & Yoshida, N., 2008. Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. The Angle Orthodontist, 78(3), pp.502-509.
- Han, J., Koh, Y.J., Moon, H.R., Ryoo, H.G., Cho, C.H., Kim, I., & Koh, G.Y., 2010. Adipose tissue is an extramedullary reservoir for functional hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 115(5), pp.957-964.
- Herrmann, M., Zeiter, S., Eberli, U., Hildebrand, M., Camenisch, K., Menzel, U., Alini, M., Verrier, S., & Stadelmann, V.A., 2018. Five days granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment increases bone formation and reduces gap size of a rat segmental bone defect: a pilot study. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 6, p.5.
- Hudson, J.B., Hatch, N., Hayami, T., Shin, J.M., Stolina, M., Kostenuik, P.J., & Kapila, S., 2012. Local delivery of recombinant osteoprotegerin enhances postorthodontic tooth stability. Calcified Tissue International, 90, pp.330-342.
- Hussein, Z. K., & Saloom, H. F., 2020. Impact of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance with Diabetes Mellitus and Curcumin on the Body Weight of Experimental Rat. J Res Med Dent Sci, 8(2), 42-44.
- Ibrahim, A.Y., Gudhimella, S., Pandruvada, S.N., Huja, S.S., 2017. Resolving differences between animal models for expedited orthodontic tooth movement. Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research, 20, pp.72-76.
- Khamees, A. M., & Al Groosh, D. H. (2023). Effect of vitamin D deficiency on postorthodontic relapse: An animal study. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.765.
- Khamees, A. M., Al Groosh, D. H., Al-Rawi, N. H. (2023). Effects of vitamin D deficiency on bone and root re-sorption post-orthodontic retention in rats. Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry, 35(2), 54–64. https://doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v35i2.3403.
- Kilkenny, C., Browne, W.J., Cuthill, I.C., Emerson, M., & Altman, D.G., 2010. Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research. Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, 1(2), pp.94-99.
- King, G.J., Keeling, S.D., McCoy, E.A., & Ward, T.H., 1991. Measuring dental drift and orthodontic tooth movement in response to various initial forces in adult rats. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 99(5), pp.456-465.
- Krishnan, V., & Davidovitch, Z.E., 2006. Cellular, molecular, and tissue-level reactions to orthodontic force. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 129(4), pp.469-e1.
- Lévesque, J.P., Winkler, I.G., Larsen, S.R., & Rasko, J.E.J., 2007. Mobilization of bone marrow-derived progenitors. Bone Marrow-Derived Progenitors, pp.3-36.
- Li, Z., Qiu, K., Zhao, J., Granger, K., Yu, H., Lewis, A.G., Myronovych, A., Toure, M.H., Hatsell, S.J., Economides, A.N., & Seeley, R.J., 2023. Antibodies to sclerostin or G-CSF receptor partially eliminate bone or marrow adipocyte loss, respectively, following vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Bone, 169, p.116682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2023.116682.
- Machla, F., Angelopoulos I., Epple, M., Chatzinikolaidou, M., & Bakopouloum A., 2022. Biomolecule-Mediated Therapeutics of the Dentine-Pulp Complex: A Systematic Review. Biomolecules, 12, 285. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12020285.
- Mahdi, H. A., Saloom H. F., Kashmola, M. A., 2023. Effects of fixed orthodontic appliance with antihypertensive drugs on the body weight of experimental rats. J Bagh Coll Dent ;35(4):55-64.
- Meikle, M.C., 2006. The tissue, cellular, and molecular regulation of orthodontic tooth movement: 100 years after Carl Sandstedt. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 28(3), pp.221-240.
- Minamino, K., Adachi, Y., Okigaki, M., Ito, H., Togawa, Y., Fujitha, K., Tomita, M., Suzuki, Y., Zhang, Y., Iwasaki, M., & Nakano, K., 2005. Macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF), as well as granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF), accelerates neovascularization. Stem Cells, 23(3), pp.347-354.
- Miñana, M.D., Carbonell-Uberos, F., Mirabet, V., Marín, S., & Encabo, A., 2008. IFATS collection: Identification of hemangioblasts in the adult human adipose tissue. Stem Cells, 26(10), pp.2696-2704.
- Moukoko, D., Pourquier, D., Genovesio, C., Thezenas, S., Chabrand, P., Roffino, S., & Pithioux, M., 2018. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor enhances bone fracture healing. Clinical Biomechanics, 58, pp.62-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2018.07.010.
- Nair, A.B., & Jacob, S., 2016. A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human. Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy, 7(2), p.27.
- Panopoulos, A.D., & Watowich, S.S., 2008. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: molecular mechanisms of action during steady state and ‘emergency’ hematopoiesis. Cytokine, 42(3), pp.277-288.
- Plumb, D.C., 2018. Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook: Desk. John Wiley & Sons.
- Ren, Y., Maltha, J.C., & Kuijpers-Jagtman, A.M., 2004. The rat as a model for orthodontic tooth movement—a critical review and a proposed solution. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 26(5), pp.483-490.
- Rygh, P., Bowling, K., Hovlandsdal, L., Williams, S., 1986. Activation of the vascular system: a main mediator of periodontal fiber remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. American Journal of Orthodontics, 89(6), pp.453-468.
- Sandeep, K.S., Singaraju, G.S., Reddy, V.K., Mandava, P., Bhavikati, V.N., Reddy, R., 2016. Evaluation of body weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage changes in early stages of fixed orthodontic therapy. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 6(4), p.349.
- Shen, G.Y., Park, I.H., Song, Y.S., Joo, H.W., Lee, Y., Shin, J.H., Kim, K.S., Kim, H., 2016. Local injection of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor accelerates wound healing in a rat excisional wound model. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, 13, pp.297-303.
- Sidney, L.E., Branch, M.J., Dunphy, S.E., Dua, H.S., & Hopkinson, A., 2014. Concise review: evidence for CD34 as a common marker for diverse progenitors. Stem Cells, 32(6), pp.1380-1389.
- Tatsumi, K., Otani, H., Sato, D., Enoki, C., Iwasaka, T., Imamura, H., Taniuchi, S., Kaneko, K., Adachi, Y., & Ikehara, S., 2008. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor increases donor mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow and their mobilization into peripheral circulation but does not repair dystrophic heart after bone marrow transplantation. Circulation Journal, 72(8), pp.1351-1358.
- Walasek, M.A., van Os, R., & de Haan, G., 2012. Hematopoietic stem cell expansion: challenges and opportunities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1266(1), pp.138-150.
- Yadav, S., Assefnia, A., Gupta, H., Vishwanath, M., Kalajzic, Z., Allareddy, V., & Nanda, R., 2016. The effect of low-frequency mechanical vibration on retention in an orthodontic relapse model. European Journal of Orthodontics, 38(1), pp.44-50.
- Yi, M., Wu, Y., Long, J., Liu, F., Liu, Z., Zhang, Y.H., Sun, X.P., Fan, Z.X., Gao, J., Si, J., & Zuo, X.B., 2019. Exosomes secreted from osteocalcin-overexpressing endothelial progenitor cells promote endothelial cell angiogenesis. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 317(5), pp.C932-C941.
- Zhdanov, V.V., Stavrova, L.A., Dygai, A.M., & Goldberg, E.D., 2007. Mechanism of mobilization of mesenchymal stem cell under the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 144, pp.151-153.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Mustansiria Dental Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
