Examining the role of grape seed extract in enhancing collagen crosslinking and its effect on the shear bond strength of Universal adhesive to contaminated dentine

Authors

  • Hussein Salman Bachay Bachay College of Dentistry-Mustansiriyah University
  • Hikmet A. Al-Gharrawi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32828/mdj.v21i2.1190

Keywords:

Shear bond strength, Dentin contamination, Scotchbond Universal, collagen cross-linker

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a collagen cross-linker, grape seed extract (GSE), applied at different times (1, 3, and 5 minutes) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a universal adhesive bonding system applied to dentine after contamination with blood or blood and hemostatic agent (HA). Materials and Methods: Seventy-two teeth were divided into three main groups. Group A, the control group, (n=8) treated with only Scotchbond Universal. The remaining teeth were divided into two experimental groups, (n=32) for each according to the type of contamination. Group B was contaminated with blood, while Group C was contaminated with both blood and HA. Each contamination group was further divided into four subgroups based on the timing of GSE application. One subgroup did not receive any GSE application, while the other three subgroups had application of GSE for 1, 3, and 5 minutes. Then experimental groups had adhesive application as in group A, after adhesive application and composite resin placement. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. Results: Groups that had GSE had nosinificant difference with control (p<0.05), Application of GSE for 3 min showed significant difference with the contamination only group. Conclusion: GSE treatment for durations of 1, 3 or 5 minutes enhanced bond strength to contaminated dentine.

References

1. Abdulrasool A, Al-Shamma A. Effect of chlorhexidine and/or ethanol pre-bonding treatment on the shear bond strength of resin composite to dentin. 2019.

2. Al-Obaidi Z, Jasim H. Assessment of shear bond strength to sound and artificial caries-affected dentin using different adhesive systems: an in vitro study. Dental Hypotheses. 2023;14:10.

3. Alotaibi TM, Alhazmi RK, Aldrees FS, Alsakran HA, Alotaibi MF, Alshathri MH, Alqahtani OS, Almutawa ZN, Alsaadoun MM, Fatiny FI. The evolution of adhesive dentistry: a review of materials and techniques. 2024.

4. Alzahrani SJ, Hajjaj MS, Abu Haimed TS, Alnoury A, Khouja N, Abuelenain DA, Alnowailaty Y, Abu-Nawareg M, Abuljadayel R, Naguib GH. Effect of dentin contamination with hemostatic agents and cleaning techniques on bonding with self-adhesive resin cement. Med Sci Monit. 2024;30:e943353.

5. Anumula L, Ramesh S, Kolaparthi VSK, Kirubakaran R, Karobari MI, Arora S, Saleh AA, Aldowah O, Messina P, Scardina GA. Role of natural cross-linkers in resin-dentin bond durability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials (Basel). 2022;15.

6. Ayo-Yusuf OA, Driessen CH, Botha AJ. SEM-EDX study of prepared human dentine surfaces exposed to gingival retraction fluids. J Dent. 2005;33:731-9.

7. Aziz AMA, Geleel OMA, Abdelrahman HAY. The effect of grape seed extract on shear bond strength of resin composite bonded to deciduous dentin (an in vitro study). IOSR J Dent Med Sci (IOSR-JDMS). 2023;22:42-51.

8. Barakat MM, Powers JM. In vitro bond strength of cements to treated teeth. Aust Dent J. 1986;31:415-9.

9. Bayne SC, Ferracane JL, Marshall GW, Marshall SJ, Van Noort R. The evolution of dental materials over the past century: silver and gold to tooth color and beyond. 2019;98:257-265.

10. Bedran-Russo AK, Pereira PN, Duarte WR, Drummond JL, Yamauchi M. Application of crosslinkers to dentin collagen enhances the ultimate tensile strength. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007;80:268-72.

11. Bourgi R, Cuevas-Suarez CE, Devoto W, Monjarás-Ávila AJ, Monteiro P, Kharma K, Lukomska-Szymanska M, Hardan L. Effect of contamination and decontamination methods on the bond strength of adhesive systems to dentin: a systematic review. 2023;35:1218-1238.

12. Brauchli L, Eichenberger M, Steineck M, Wichelhaus A. Influence of decontamination procedures on shear forces after contamination with blood or saliva. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:435-441.

13. Cai J, Palamara JEA, Burrow MF. Effects of collagen crosslinkers on dentine: a literature review. Calcif Tissue Int. 2018;102:265-279.

14. Chang SW, Cho BH, Lim RY, Kyung SH, Park DS, Oh TS, Yoo HM. Effects of blood contamination on microtensile bond strength to dentin of three self-etch adhesives. Oper Dent. 2010;35:330-6.

15. Dey S, Shenoy A, Kundapur S, Das M, Gunwal M, Bhattacharya R. Evaluation of the effect of different contaminants on the shear bond strength of a two-step self-etch adhesive system, one-step self-etch adhesive system and a total-etch adhesive system. 2016.

16. Dietrich T, Kraemer MLJ, Roulet JF. Blood contamination and dentin bonding—effect of anticoagulant in laboratory studies. Dent Mater. 2002;18:159-162.

17. El Gindy AH, Sherief DI, El-Korashy DI. Effect of dentin biomodification using natural collagen cross-linkers on the durability of the resin-dentin bond and demineralized dentin stiffness. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2023;138:105551.

18. Fawzy AS. Variations in collagen fibrils network structure and surface dehydration of acid demineralized intertubular dentin: effect of dentin depth and air-exposure time. Dent Mater. 2010;26:35-43.

19. Fawzy AS, Priyadarshini BM, Selvan ST, Lu TB, Neo J. Proanthocyanidins-loaded nanoparticles enhance dentin degradation resistance. J Dent Res. 2017;96:780-789.

20. Fine AM. Oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes: history, structure, and phytopharmaceutical applications. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5:144-51.

21. Gajjela RS, Satish RK, Sajjan GS, Varma KM, Rambabu T, Vijaya Lakshmi BH. Comparative evaluation of chlorhexidine, grape seed extract, riboflavin/chitosan modification on microtensile bond strength of composite resin to dentin after polymerase chain reaction thermocycling: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2017;20:120-4.

22. Goncu TB, Yilmaz NA. Universal adhesive application to contaminated/non-contaminated dentin with three different protocols: an in vitro shear bond strength and SEM analysis. Dent Mater J. 2022;41:633-42.

23. Hameedi ZJ, Gholam MK. Evaluation of the shear bond strength of three different universal bonding agents using different etching techniques. AIP Conf Proc. 2023;2839.

24. Han B, Jaurequi J, Tang BW, Nimni ME. Proanthocyanidin: a natural crosslinking reagent for stabilizing collagen matrices. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2003;65:118-24.

25. Haralur SB, Alharthi SM, Abohasel SA, Alqahtani KM. Effect of decontamination treatments on micro-shear bond strength between blood-saliva-contaminated post-etched dentin substrate and composite resin. Healthcare (Basel). 2019;7.

26. Hardan L, Bourgi R, Kharouf N, Mancino D, Zarow M, Jakubowicz N, Haikel Y, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Bond strength of universal adhesives to dentin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Polymers (Basel). 2021;13:814.

27. Hashim H, Abd-Alla MH. Silanizing effectiveness on the bond strength of aged bulk-fill composite repaired after sandblasting or bur abrasion treatments: an in vitro study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2022;14:265-73.

28. Juneja R, Duhan J, Tewari S, Sangwan P, Bhatnagar N. Effect of blood contamination and decontamination protocols on acetone-based and ethanol-based total etch adhesive systems. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2014;26:403-16.

29. Kaneshima T, Yatani H, Kasai T, Watanabe EK, Yamashita A. The influence of blood contamination on bond strengths between dentin and an adhesive resin cement. Oper Dent. 2000;25:195-201.

30. Kewlani M, Saha SG, Bhardwaj A, Saha MK, Vijaywargiya P, Jain S, Sai Prasad SV. Comparative evaluation of the effect of decontamination protocol on the shear bond strength of eighth generation bonding agent to contaminated dentin: an in vitro study. Med Pharm Rep. 2020;93:287-91.

31. Khalil R, Al-Shamma A. Early and delayed effect of 2% chlorhexidine on the shear bond strength of composite restorative material to dentin using a total etch adhesive. J Baghdad Coll Dent. 2015;27:24-31.

32. Koppolu M, Gogala D, Mathew VB, Thangala V, Deepthi M, Sasidhar N. Effect of saliva and blood contamination on the bond strength of self-etching adhesive system: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2012;15:270-3.

33. Mandouh H, Alzayat I. Sealing of bonded resin composite to gingival wall following application of two hemostatic agents using two adhesive protocols: an in vitro study. Egypt Dent J. 2018;64:1561-1570.

34. Manihani A, Mulay S, Beri L, Tandale A, Bhawalkar A, Dalsania R. Comparative evaluation of the effect of two natural collagen cross-linkers on microtensile bond strength of self-etch adhesive system to dentin after contamination with blood and hemostatic agent: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent Endod. 2023;26:466-471.

35. Moharam LM, Salem HN, Khadr S, Abdou A. Evaluation of different decontamination procedures on bond strength to sound and caries affected dentin using “no-wait” universal adhesive. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23:638.

36. Odthon P, Khongkhunthian P, Sirikulrat K, Boonruanga C, Sirikulrat N. In vitro shear bond strength test and failure mechanism of zinc phosphate dental cement. Int J Adhes Adhes. 2015;59:98-104.

37. Pucci CR, Araujo RM, Lacerda AJ, Souza MA, Huhtala MF, Feitosa FA. Effects of contamination by hemostatic agents and use of cleaning agent on etch-and-rinse dentin bond strength. Braz Dent J. 2016;27:688-692.

38. Rahhal V, de Oliveira FG, Briso AL, dos Santos PH, Sundefeld ML, Sundefeld RH. Correlation between hybrid layer thickness, resin tag length and microtensile bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2012;25:231-7.

39. Ravi R, Alla RK, Mohammed S, Devarhubli A. Dental composites—a versatile restorative material: an overview. Indian J Dent Sci. 2013;5:111-115.

40. Saikaew P, Sattabanasuk V, Harnirattisai C, Chowdhury A, Carvalho R, Sano H. Role of the smear layer in adhesive dentistry and the clinical applications to improve bonding performance. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2022;58:59-66.

41. Samuel SP, Li S, Mukherjee I, Guo Y, Patel AC, Baran G, Wei Y. Mechanical properties of experimental dental composites containing a combination of mesoporous and nonporous spherical silica as fillers. Dent Mater. 2009;25:296-301.

42. Shaikh A. Effect of blood contamination and decontamination procedures on the microtensile bond strength of a new self-etch adhesive: an in vitro study. Int J Exp Dent Sci. 2017;6:80-83.

43. Soares C, Branco C, Soares P, Fonseca R, Carlo H, Fernandes Neto AJ. Effect of blood contamination during adhesive restorative procedures on dentin-resin cement shear bond strength. Braz J Oral Sci. 2007;6:21-6.

44. Srinivasulu S, Vidhya S, Sujatha M, Mahalaxmi S. Effect of collagen cross-linkers on the shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system to deep dentin. J Conserv Dent. 2013;16:135-8.

45. Taneja S, Kumari M, Bansal S. Effect of saliva and blood contamination on the shear bond strength of fifth-, seventh-, and eighth-generation bonding agents: an in vitro study. J Conserv Dent. 2017;20:157-160.

46. Ulusoy AT, Bayrak ŞE, Tunç EŞ, Tuzuner T. Effect of new haemostatic agent on microtensile bond strength of two adhesive systems to dentin. J Conserv Dent. 2011;15:330-334.

47. Unlu N, Cebe F, Cebe MA, Cetin AR, Cobanoglu N. Bond strengths of a self-etching adhesive to dentin surfaces treated with saliva, blood, and different hemostatic agents. Gen Dent. 2015;63:28-32.

Downloads

Published

30.12.2025

How to Cite

Examining the role of grape seed extract in enhancing collagen crosslinking and its effect on the shear bond strength of Universal adhesive to contaminated dentine. (2025). Mustansiria Dental Journal, 21(2), 252-277. https://doi.org/10.32828/mdj.v21i2.1190

Similar Articles

41-50 of 138

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.