The Effect of Pepsi Cola Beverage on Surface Roughness of Two Composite Resins (In Vitro study)

Abstract

An acidic environment causes surface changes of resin composites. Filler particle
size and filler distribution also have a direct effect on these surface changes. This in
vitro study evaluated the influence of Pepsi Cola drink on the surface roughness of
Composan LCM and Composan Ceram over time. Sixteen disc shaped specimens
(10mm diameter, 2mm thickness) of each resin composite were fabricated, thereby
forming two groups (n= 8). Surface roughness (Ra) was analyzed after 24 hrs before
exposure to beverage. The specimens were submitted to a five minutes immersion in
Pepsi Cola three times daily interrupted by immersion in deionized distilled water (37
C˚). Surface roughness measurements were done at 10, 30, and 60 days intervals. Data
were submitted to paired t-test. There was a statistically highly significant (p <0.001)
increase in surface roughness values of the tested composites after 30 days and 60
days immersion in Cola drink. Composan LCM exhibited a significantly (p <0.05)
higher surface roughness values than Composan Ceram.
The surface roughness of the composite materials are significantly affected by
exposure to acidic drink over time, highly filled micro hybrid composites with small
filler particle size are significantly more resistant to acid erosion.