The periodontal health status of postmenopausal women and its relationship to bone mineral density

Abstract

The relationship between changes in postmenopausal women and periodontal
condition had been studied in many countries. It has been suggested that estrogen
deficiency may play a role in periodontal disease following menopause. The aim of
this study was to investigate the influence of postmenopausal alteration on the clinical
periodontal parameters and teeth loss. In addition, to determine the relationship
between systemic bone mineral density and periodontal disease in postmenopausal
.women
Sixty Iraqi women in total were involved in this study, 20 women as a control
group of age (35-45) years and forty postmenopausal women divided into two
.subgroups: groupl for age (50-60) years and group 2 of age (60-70) years
:Questionnaire involved the following periodontal parameters
Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket
depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL). All these parameters were measured and
tabulated according to redefined scores, or counts, and the data was analyzed
.statistically
- Fifteen of forty postmenopausal women, were examined using dual energy x
ray absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment to measure bone mineral density (BMD) in
order to determine the relationship between (BMD) and any of the above periodontal
parameters. The means, Gl, BOP, PD and CAL were found to be significantly higher
.)in the postmenopausal group than the control (P<0.05
It was found that BMD is negatively associated with Gl, BOP, PD and CAL
but the correlation is either of high significant or of slight of difference but not
significant at (P<0.05). The clinical parameters may increase depending on the
expected negative effects during menopause further, it is concluded that BMD of the
.lumbar spine is related to CAL, PD, number of teeth loss and to a lesser extent BOP