Periodontal treatment needs of type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients

Abstract

Periodontitis is a persistent bacterial infection causing chronic inflammation in
periodontal tissues. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease
that is associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontitis.
Our aim is to evaluate periodontal treatment needs of type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients
according to the age and the duration of DM.
One hundred and seventy one type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients were enrolled in this
study. Recording of gender, age, and duration of DM was done. Periodontal
examination to evaluate treatment needs (TN) was performed by using community
periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), Scoring for each patient was done by
dividing his mouth into six sextants.
CPITN showed a variation in the distribution of the patients according to age. In
the age category (30-39) years; code 0 and code 1 represented 23.6 % and 59.8 % of
the sextants respectively. Concerning treatment needs, only 11.8 % of patients did not
need any treatment (TN 0). In the age category (40-49) years; code 1 was the most
frequent code and represented 61.5% of the sextants . All patients in this age category
need a sort of treatment . In the age categories (50-59) years and (60-69) years; code 3
represented 21.8% and 30.6% of the sextants respectively and TN3 represented 50%
and 49.2% of the patients respectively. In this study, when the duration of DM is 1-5
years, code 3 represented only 13.6% of the sextants and periodontal treatment needs
TN3 was 26.3% of patients while code 3 reached 26% of the sextants and TN3
represented 52.7% of the patients when the duration of DM was > 5 years.
In conclusion periodontal treatment needs of type 2 diabetic patients became more
complicated if the patients were older and the duration of DM was longer.